The female reproductive organs are in a constant state of renewal and change. However, unwanted lesions and abnormal structures may occur during this process. These lesions, especially in the cervix, vagina and vulva regions, can sometimes indicate serious health problems that carry the risk of cancer. One of the most important diagnostic methods used to determine such risks and initiate effective treatment methods is the colposcopy procedure.
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What is Colposcopy?
Colposcopy is a detailed examination of the female reproductive organs using a special microscope-like device called a colposcope. The colposcopy device can magnify images up to 40 times and clearly reveal tissue changes in the area.
Thanks to this procedure, early diagnosis of serious health problems such as cervical cancer is possible, while the presence of genital warts and other infections can also be detected.
Why is Colposcopy Performed?
Colposcopy is performed to detect abnormal cell changes that may threaten women's health. Thanks to this procedure, sensitive areas such as the cervix, vagina and vulva can be examined in detail and clearly. Health problems that can be detected with colposcopy are as follows:
- Cervical cancer and cellular changes that may be its precursor.
- Genital warts and HPV infections.
- Suspicious lesions seen in the vagina and vulva.
- Investigation of abnormal results obtained in the smear test.
- Detection of high-risk HPV types such as HPV Type 16 and Type 18.
Colposcopy plays a vital role in maintaining cervical and genital health.
How is Colposcopy Performed?
The colposcopy procedure is quite simple and painless. A device called a speculum is placed at the entrance to the vagina and the vaginal walls are opened.
The colposcope device is placed towards the vaginal opening and the cervix and surrounding tissues are examined. Special solutions may be applied to see the tissues more clearly during the procedure.
If a suspicious area is detected, a biopsy may be performed. During this procedure, a small tissue sample is taken from the area by applying local anesthesia.
How is Colposcopy Performed?
How Long Does Colposcopy Take?
Colposcopy is usually a procedure that takes 10-15 minutes. However, if a biopsy is performed, this period may be extended by a few minutes. After the procedure, the patient can continue their normal life after a short rest period.
Things to Consider After Colposcopy
No serious side effects are usually observed after colposcopy. However, some patients may experience slight vaginal discharge or spotting after the procedure. Mild abdominal cramps may also be experienced, but this will pass within a few hours.
Things to consider after colposcopy:
- Avoid sexual intercourse for the first 24 hours.
- Avoid using tampons for a few days.
- Avoid heavy lifting and intense physical activities.
- Do not douche.
Your doctor will inform you about all the details to consider after the procedure.
When Are Colposcopy Results Available?
Laboratory results of biopsy samples taken during colposcopy are usually available within 1-2 weeks. During this time, your doctor will evaluate the results and provide you with the most appropriate treatment plan.
